Paper - Revision history

RobotoCoin: /* Types, thickness and weight */ Citation needed

2021-04-24T20:48:56Z

Types, thickness and weight: Citation needed

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:48, 24 April 2021
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	Most commercial paper sold in North America is cut to standard paper sizes based on customary units and is defined by the length and width of a sheet of paper.		Most commercial paper sold in North America is cut to standard paper sizes based on customary units and is defined by the length and width of a sheet of paper.

	The ISO 216 system used in most other countries is based on the surface area of a sheet of paper, not on a sheet's width and length. It was first adopted in Germany in 1922 and generally spread as nations adopted the metric system. The largest standard size paper is A0 (A zero), measuring one square meter (approx. 1189 × 841 mm). A1 is half the size of a sheet of A0 (i.e., 594 mm × 841 mm), such that two sheets of A1 placed side by side are equal to one sheet of A0. A2 is half the size of a sheet of A1, and so forth. Common sizes used in the office and the home are A4 and A3 (A3 is the size of two A4 sheets).		The ISO 216 system used in most other countries is based on the surface area of a sheet of paper, not on a sheet's width and length. It was first adopted in Germany in 1922 and generally spread as nations adopted the metric system. The largest standard size paper is A0 (A zero), measuring one square meter (approx. 1189 × 841 mm). A1 is half the size of a sheet of A0 (i.e., 594 mm × 841 mm), such that two sheets of A1 placed side by side are equal to one sheet of A0. A2 is half the size of a sheet of A1, and so forth. Common sizes used in the office and the home are A4 and A3 (A3 is the size of two A4 sheets)<ref>[https://unsharpen.com/paper-sizes/ Paper Sizes Explained]</ref>.

	The density of paper ranges from {{convert\|250\|kg/m3\|lb/ft3\|0\|abbr=on}} for tissue paper to {{convert\|1500\|kg/m3\|lb/ft3\|0\|abbr=on}} for some speciality paper. Printing paper is about {{convert\|800\|kg/m3\|lb/ft3\|0\|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.paperonweb.com/density.htm\|title=Density of paper and paperboard\|publisher=PaperOnWeb\|accessdate=31 October 2007}}</ref>		The density of paper ranges from {{convert\|250\|kg/m3\|lb/ft3\|0\|abbr=on}} for tissue paper to {{convert\|1500\|kg/m3\|lb/ft3\|0\|abbr=on}} for some speciality paper. Printing paper is about {{convert\|800\|kg/m3\|lb/ft3\|0\|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.paperonweb.com/density.htm\|title=Density of paper and paperboard\|publisher=PaperOnWeb\|accessdate=31 October 2007}}</ref>

Memm: more links changed

2017-11-05T17:24:37Z

Memm: changed links

2017-11-03T22:14:32Z

changed links

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Memm: /* Producing paper */ temperature

2017-11-03T21:37:28Z

Producing paper: temperature

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:37, 3 November 2017
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	===Producing paper===		===Producing paper===
	~~{{Main\|Paper machine\|papermaking}}~~

	The [[Pulp (paper)\|pulp]] is fed to a paper machine where it is formed as a paper web and the water is removed from it by pressing and drying.		The [[Pulp (paper)\|pulp]] is fed to a paper machine where it is formed as a paper web and the water is removed from it by pressing and drying.

	Pressing the sheet removes the water by force; once the water is forced from the sheet, a special kind of felt, which is not to be confused with the traditional one, is used to collect the water; whereas when making paper by hand, a blotter sheet is used instead.		Pressing the sheet removes the water by force; once the water is forced from the sheet, a special kind of felt, which is not to be confused with the traditional one, is used to collect the water; whereas when making paper by hand, a blotter sheet is used instead.

	Drying involves using air or heat to remove water from the paper sheets. In the earliest days of paper making, this was done by hanging the sheets like laundry; in more modern times, various forms of heated drying mechanisms are used. On the paper machine, the most common is the steam-heated can dryer. These can reach temperatures above ~~{{convert\|~~200~~\|F\|C}}~~ and are used in long sequences of more than forty cans where the heat produced by these can easily dry the paper to less than six percent moisture.		Drying involves using air or heat to remove water from the paper sheets. In the earliest days of paper making, this was done by hanging the sheets like laundry; in more modern times, various forms of heated drying mechanisms are used. On the paper machine, the most common is the steam-heated can dryer. These can reach temperatures above 200 °F (93 °C) and are used in long sequences of more than forty cans where the heat produced by these can easily dry the paper to less than six percent moisture.

	===Finishing===		===Finishing===

Memm: /* Early sources of fibre */ removed links

2017-11-03T21:35:51Z

Early sources of fibre: removed links

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:35, 3 November 2017
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	==Early sources of fibre==		==Early sources of fibre==
	[[File:ANCIENT_SANSKRIT_ON_HEMP_BASED_PAPER._HEMP_WAS_A_COMMON_AND_DURABLE_FIBRE_IN_THE_PRODUCTION_OF_%22RAG%22_PAPER_FROM_200_BCE_TO_THE_1850_AD.jpg\|right\|thumb\|Ancient Sanskrit on Hemp based Paper. Hemp Fibre was commonly used in the production of paper from 200 BCE to the Late 1800's.]]		[[File:ANCIENT_SANSKRIT_ON_HEMP_BASED_PAPER._HEMP_WAS_A_COMMON_AND_DURABLE_FIBRE_IN_THE_PRODUCTION_OF_%22RAG%22_PAPER_FROM_200_BCE_TO_THE_1850_AD.jpg\|right\|thumb\|Ancient Sanskrit on Hemp based Paper. Hemp Fibre was commonly used in the production of paper from 200 BCE to the Late 1800's.]]
	~~{{see also\|wood pulp\|deinking}}~~		Before the industrialisation of the paper production the most common fibre source was recycled fibres from used textiles, called rags. The rags were from [[hemp]], [[linen]] and [[cotton]].<ref name=PST1>{{Cite book\|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247670296\|title=Recycling fiber and deinking\|last=Göttsching\|first=Lothar\|last2=Gullichsen\|first2=Johan\|last3=Pakarinen\|first3=Heikki\|last4=Paulapuro\|first4=Hannu\|last5=Yhdistys\|first5=Suomen Paperi-Insinöörien\|author6=Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry\|date=2000\|publisher=Fapet Oy\|location=Finland\|isbn=9525216071\|oclc=247670296\|pages=12–14}}</ref> A process for removing printing inks from [[recycled paper]] was invented by German jurist Justus Claproth in 1774.<ref name=PST1 /> Today this method is called [[deinking]]. It was not until the introduction of [[wood pulp]] in 1843 that paper production was not dependent on recycled materials from [[ragpicker]]s.<ref name=PST1 />
	Before the industrialisation of the paper production the most common fibre source was recycled fibres from used textiles, called rags. The rags were from [[hemp]], [[linen]] and [[cotton]].<ref name=PST1>{{Cite book\|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247670296\|title=Recycling fiber and deinking\|last=Göttsching\|first=Lothar\|last2=Gullichsen\|first2=Johan\|last3=Pakarinen\|first3=Heikki\|last4=Paulapuro\|first4=Hannu\|last5=Yhdistys\|first5=Suomen Paperi-Insinöörien\|author6=Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry\|date=2000\|publisher=Fapet Oy\|location=Finland\|isbn=9525216071\|oclc=247670296\|pages=12–14}}</ref> A process for removing printing inks from [[recycled paper]] was invented by German jurist [[Justus Claproth]] in 1774.<ref name=PST1 /> Today this method is called [[deinking]]. It was not until the introduction of [[wood pulp]] in 1843 that paper production was not dependent on recycled materials from [[ragpicker]]s.<ref name=PST1 />

	==Etymology==		==Etymology==

Memm: based on https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paper&oldid=807483659, for contributors see there - Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License

2017-11-01T22:32:34Z

based on https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paper&oldid=807483659, for contributors see there - Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License

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DaveP: Created page with "Category:Paper"

2017-05-18T21:24:17Z

Created page with "Category:Paper"

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[[Category:Paper]]