Editing Esterbrook

{{Infobox company
| name             = Esterbrook
| logo             = [[File:Esterbrook_logo.jpg|220px]]
| founded   = 
| founder          = Richard Esterbrook
| headquarters = Camden, New Jersey<br> (Original Esterbrook factory) <br> West Long Branch, New Jersey <br> (Relaunched brand, 2014-present)
| key_people = [[Richard Esterbrook]]

[[Robert Rosenberg]]
| num_employees = 
| products         = [[Fountain pen|Fountain]] and [[ballpoint pen|ballpoint]] pens
| industry = Writing instruments
| website = [http://esterbrookpen.com/ esterbrookpen.com]
}}

'''Esterbrook''' (trademark name: '''Esterbrook, est. 1858''') is a brand of [[fountain pen|fountain]] and [[ballpoint pen|ballpoint]] pens, produced by Harpen Brand Holdings, LLC, which acquired the rights to manufacture pens under the "Esterbrook" brand name.<ref name=relaunch>[http://esterbrookpen.com/americas-original-pen-company-returns-december-2014/ "America’s Original Pen Company” returns December 2014"] on Esterbrook website, 15 Nov 2014</ref>

Originally, Richard Esterbrook was the largest pen manufacturer in the United States, having reached a record of producing 216,000,000 pens a year.<ref name=kamakura>[http://www.kamakurapens.com/Archive/EsterbrookPens.html Esterbrook history in Kamakura Pens website]</ref> The company produced [[dip pen]]s, then concentrating on [[fountain pen]]s until it was acquired by Venus Pencils in 1967, ceasing activities in 1971.

==History==

===The beginning===
[[File:Richard esterbrook portrait.jpg|thumb|left|130px|Richard Esterbrook, founder.]]
[[File:Esterbrook lincolnpen 1866.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The "[[Abraham Lincoln|Lincoln]] Pen", packaging of 1866.]]
[[File:Esterbrook ad1876.jpg|thumb|right|200px|1866 card featuring the 066 "Falcon Pen".]]
[[File:Esterbrook building 1920s.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Esterbrook Pens Co. plant stood at Cooper Street and Delaware Avenue in [[Camden, New Jersey]], c. 1920.]]
[[File:Esterbrook 356-357-358.jpg|thumb|right|170px|Esterbrook's 356, 357 and 358 art & drafting pens.]]

Richard Esterbrook (1812-1895 <ref name=whiteapple>[http://www.whiteapplemultimedia.com/history.html History of Esterbrook pens]</ref>) was a Cornish Quaker from England who saw an opportunity in the United States to manufacture steel pens. In 1856 he traveled to the US to set up shop as "The Steel Pen Manufacturing Company". In [[Established::1858]] he was able to establish himself as the sole pen manufacturer in the USA and he changed the company name to "The Esterbrook Steel Pen Mfg. Co.", with just 15 employees and settled down in Camden, New Jersey. At the time, two of the four pen companies located in the United States were situated in Camden. Besides Esterbrook, the first in the country, the C. Howard Hunt Pen Company at 7th and State streets produced pens, pencil sharpeners and allied products and employed 125 workers. At its height, the Esterbrook plant had 450 workers and produced 600,000 pens a day.<ref name=hanspresto>[http://hans.presto.tripod.com/nibs/esterbrook.html Esterbrook pens in Blam! calligraphy page]</ref>

There were no men in this country learned in the pen trade and no suitable machinery, so it was necessary to design and build all machines. Only fifteen people made up the first payroll, but the growth of the company was steady. The buildings were added to from time to time and in 1912 a five-story concrete building was erected nearly doubling the size of the plant. Automatic Machines replaced hand work, and the output greatly increased.

===Development===
Quality was a key factor in his success. His steel pens were versatile, long lasting, and came in many different styles to fit the varied writing styles of the public. Sadly, Richard Esterbrook didn't see the "empire" his company was to become as he died in Atlanta on October 12, 1895. 
 
Just one year after his death, in 1896 the company started an Esterbrook branch in England to join the ranks of the other main pen manufactures in Birmingham. By 1920 the fountain pen was fast becoming more popular amongst people who were tired of dipping pens into ink. To meet the demand the company manufactured its first fountain pen. By 1930 the company sought less expensive means of manufacturing pens as gold and jewel tips were growing too expensive and in this same year they began selling fountain pens in England. The Esterbrook Company began using the metal Iridium which they called "Durachrome". To meet the fountain pen demand the company reformed as "The Esterbrook Hazel Pens Ltd". In 1940 war had come to strike a blow at the Esterbrook company.

===Decline===
In 1947 Esterbrook bought out John Mitchell (which had been established in 1822 as the World's first manufacturer to cut nibs by machine) and then acquired Hazell Pen Co. The company re-formed again as "The Esterbrook Pen Company". Some time after that, Esterbrook ceased production of dip pen nibs permanently.

The post war years had seen a decline particularly in the export trade to the traditional markets of the British Empire. As those countries gained independence due to American aid, they had more dollars to spend in the United States than pounds in the United Kingdom.<ref name=hanspresto/>

Esterbrook continued to thrive until the beginning of 1960 when it started to see a decline in export trades with England. In 1967 the Esterbrook Empire was bought out by the Venus Pencil Company and thus the name changed to "Venus Esterbrook", which continued to produce replacement nibs for [[fountain pen]]s. There were numerous administrative changes and moves and eventually their final base of operations was vacated in 1972, though the building still stands today.

Venus Esterbrook would be finally taken over by [[Berol]] in 1971,<ref name=whiteapple/><ref>[http://www.berol.co.uk/berolhistory.html History of Berol Company]</ref><ref>[http://www.kamakurapens.com/Archive/EsterbrookPens.html Esterbrook history, Kamakura Pens website]</ref> all Esterbrook operations ceased.<ref name=making>[http://esterbrookpen.com/history-in-the-making/ History in the making] on Esterbrook website, 10 Jul 2015</ref>

===Revival===
In 2014, Harpen Brand Holdings, LLC announced the revival of the Esterbrook Pen brand after securing the trademark rights for the Esterbrook brand name.<ref name=relaunch/><ref>[http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2015/02/05/reviving-the-pen-that-wrote-american-history/22941265/ "Classic pen brand brought back from the dead" by Devin Loring], USA Today, 9 Feb 2015</ref> The brand, now named "Esterbrook, est. 1858", launched new versions of classic Esterbrook models, such as the "Deluxe" fountain pen and the "J" ballpoint pen, both originally released in the 1950s.<ref>[http://esterbrookpen.com/products/ Products] on Esterbrook website</ref>

==Prominent users of Esterbrook==
Esterbrook pens were among those used by Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson to sign legislation.<ref name="PenMarket">{{cite web|last1=Cerf|first1=Nathaniel|title=The Pens of Presidents Kennedy & Johnson|url=http://www.thepenmarket.com/vintage-pens-blog/2013/11/the-pens-of-presidents-kennedy-johnson/|website=The Pen Market|accessdate=3 February 2017|date=5 November 2013|quote=Kennedy’s pens are Esterbrook dip writers ... The Esterbrook nib Kennedy used on the majority of these pens was the 2668. That is the firm-medium steel nib.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=337: President Johnson signing pen with certificate|url=https://new.liveauctioneers.com/item/6368489|website=Live Auctioneers|accessdate=3 February 2017}}</ref><ref name="Loring">{{cite web|last1=Loring|first1=John|title=The Presidential Pen - the first fifty years|url=http://www.loringpage.com/attpensetc/penbookupdate.html|publisher=John Loring|accessdate=3 February 2017}}</ref> A set of 72 clear Lucite Esterbrook fountain pens were famously used to sign the civil rights bill into law in 1964.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Historically Significant First Pen Used By President Lyndon Johnson to Sign Civil Rights Bill into Law|url=https://goldinauctions.com/the_first_pen_used_by_president__lyndon_johnson__t-lot12278.aspx|website=Goldin Auctions|accessdate=3 February 2017|quote=A fountain pen manufactured by Esterbrook – the first pen used by President Lyndon Johnson to sign the Civil Rights Act into law on July 2, 1964 ... Johnson used 72 pens to sign the ... legislation}}</ref> 

[[File:Carl_barks.jpg|thumb|right|150px|[[Carl Barks]] was an Esterbrook enthusiast.]]

The famous Disney artist Carl Barks was an enthusiastic user of Esterbrook pens. He particularly used a Nº 356 model to ink and letter his famous Donald Duck comic-book pages.<ref name=hanspresto/><ref>[http://www.badboycomics.com/ddweekly-2010-45/carl-barks-esterbrook-356.html Carl Barks talks about Esterbook pens]</ref>

 ...I drew direct onto the drawing paper with a Scripto light blue pencil, and inked with a 356 Esterbrook pen. My wife inked the dialogue with an A-5 or B-6 Speedball, and blacked the solid areas with a #2 sable brush." Carl Barks (Letter to [[Michael Barrier (historian)|Michael Barrier]], January 14, 1967)<ref name=Barks>[http://hans.presto.tripod.com/isbn/1578065011.html Carl Barks letters]</ref>

 ...I used a #356 Esterbrook art and drafting pen which could do everything from thin 'fadeaways' to broad accented curve sweeps on foreground circles such as the ducks' forms. The trick of breaking in a new pen, I discovered, is to soak it for several minutes in the ink bottle. Then wipe off the ink and the pen's varnish. For some weird reason most new pens then start out flexible and free-flowing..." Carl Barks (Letter to Scott Matheson, March 21, 1973)<ref name=Barks/>}}

Peanuts creator Charles M. Schulz used an Esterbrook 914 Radio nib for inking the comic strip. He liked the nib so much, he bought the remaining stock when Esterbrook went out of business.<ref name=making/><ref name=schulz>[https://schulzmuseum.org/collections/pen/ Charles M. Schulz Personal Effects Collection]</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==

*[http://esterbrookpen.com/ Official website], launched 2014
*[http://www.esterbrook.net/ Vintage Esterbrook fountain pens (1)]
*[http://www.esterbrook.com/pages/esty.htm Vintage Esterbrook fountain pens (2)]


[[Category:Esterbrook]]
[[Category:Art materials]]
[[Category:Fountain Pens]]
[[Category:Ink]]
[[Category:Companies]]
[[Category:Brands]]